Microscope



oet. 31, 1933. Y H N OTT 1,933,336

MICROSCOPE Filed Sept. 14, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheerl 1 ff V'/ 5 F352.

40 y N 4,/ .a L y; 44' W1" j su --m /Nz/E/V 70K A five/V575,

Oct. 31, 1933. N OTT 1,933,386

MICROSCOPE Filed Sept. 14, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 /4 TTG/QNEX PatentedOct.rr31, 1933 PATENT'OFFICE MIoRosooPE Harvey N. ott, Buffalo, N. Y.,'-'assignr to y vSpencer Lens Company, Buffalo, N. Y.

Application September 14, 1931 Serial No. 562,641

vi claims. (C1. :z8-39) This invention relates to improvements inmicroscopes. I f

In the `usual types ofjmicroscopes, the operating knobs for theadjustment mechanisms byV which the optical system ofthe instrument isadjusted toward and vfrom the object, are located on an upright arm orsupportand at a considerable distance above vthe base of the instrument.Under such conditions, the knobs cannot be steadily grasped andaccurately manipulated since the o user vis not able to rest hishands'iirmly upon the support upon which the instrument rests.

The object of this invention is to construct a microscope in which theoptical system'rnay be actuated through the manipulation of the fineadjustment mechanism while the hands ofthe user rest and are steadied onthe surface upon which liminary adjusting means locatedadjacent thereto,and rwith which 'system a secondary or fine adjustment mechanism,disposed at the lower end of said arm may be loperatively connected;andk also to construct a microscope in which the foregoing results maybe lattainedv with the minimum number of parts, and at a minimum cost. p

The manufacture of ,microscopesv of modern design results inthe vuse' ofllarger and heavier parts, including a relatively large body tubeofeither monocular or binoculartype, and which may kcarry a multiple nosepiece supporting severalobjectives and which parts are disposed inoverhanging arrangement at the upper forward end of the arm,` andinclude one or more members slidablyr adjusted up Vand down in guides orbearings. suchk as to cause a tendency of said sliding parts to'y bindin said guides, and a further object of the invention is to providesimple and practical means for preventing such members from binding intheir guides under such conditions.

l Various other objects and advantages Will be apparent from thefollowing description of the invention and .the novel features will beparticularly pointed out in connection with the appended claims. f

In the-drawings: v Y.

1 is a transverser sectionalrelevation, taken f Fig. 1.

`or inclination joint 12.

the, construction illustrated, the optical system The weight of theoverhanging parts is.`

mediate memberso as to be operatively engaged approximately online 1-1of Fig. 2, illustrating one embodiment of my invention.` -1 Fig. r`2 Aisa central, longitudinal vertical section thereof, taken approximately online 2-2, f

Fig. 3 is a'fragmentary horizontal Vsection thereof, taken on line 3- 3,Fig.`2.`

Fig. 4 isa complete side elevation of the microscope shownin Figs. 1 tol3.

Fig. 5 is a longitudinal, ,verticaly fragmentary section of a secondembodiment or modiiied form of my invention. l f f The microscope shownin thefdrawings for illustrating myinvention includes a base` 10 havingthereon a stage 11. the base 10 is an upright arm or post 13, to which Yis connected the stage 11, and which is movably connected to the base10` by a pivotal connection The arm 13 servesto support the opticalsystem of the instrument, and for this purpose isV provided at its upperend with a laterally extending or overhanging partl.` As shown in thedrawings, the arm '13 is ci hollow construction having therein a cavity18 terminatingin'an upright, laterally facing opening 19 at the upper endof the arm. y y Y c' The opening 19 is v'formed' with an upright guideway or bearing 20, in which a slide 2 3 of an adjustable intermediatemember 22 operativelyV engages to permit up and down movementsjof saidmember 22 relatively to the arm l13. j

The intermediate member 22 is in turn pro-v vided aft its outer` orfront side with a similar .vertical4 guide or bearing 24 for thereception ofY the corresponding slide or part ofI an outer member 2,5,which, in turn, is movable up and down relativelyto the intermediatemember 22, and is adapted to support, inany suitable manner, the opticalsystem ofthe instrument. 'In

includes a body Atube or part 23 secured to Athe outer member 25` andhaving.v at its upper end an eye pieceV tube 29 provided with the usualocular 30. vBelow the body tube 28, the outer member 25 is provided witha lateral extension 31 carrying a depending mounting 32, at the lowerend of which is arranged an objective 33. vSuitable means are providedfor effecting rela-` tive adjustments between theouter and intermediatemembers 25 and 22lto enable a-primary or coarse adjustment of theoptical system-to be effected. These `means include an upright rackv 35iflxed to theback of the outer member 25 andv extending into a centralgroove 36 in the interl llO Extending upwardly Vfrom 70 Y so' operativerelation to an object mounted upon the stage l1.

After such an adjustment has been made, it

is necessary to eiiect a secondary or dne adjustment of the objective 33in order to bring the specimen into exact focus. means of a suitable neadjustment mechanism 40, and in order to provide the necessary.steadiness when manipulating the same, this adjusting mechanism ismounted in a relatively low position on the instrument, as,.forexample,.in the lower end v'of the arm 13 where it is accessible'formanipulation while 'the hands of the user 4are resting .upon the.surface on which the instrument is supported. "The ine adjustmentmechanism 40 includesa .transverse horizontal barrel, or sleeve 41stationarilyfmounted in ,a transverse bore 42 in said arm 1'3'so as toextendl to onpQsite sides thereof. A shaft 1.1.3 is disposed in axialrelation in and to the, sleeve 4l and is provided `atits-oprmsite endswith operating knobs at, and

has a ne'screw thread 45 which operably en gages ina correspondinglythreaded .part 46 of .thesleeve 491.' The shafte also slidably engagesin an axial bore/Hin a stationary part arranged in the .opposite end oithe sleeve 4l.

The shaft i3l is also provided with a .fixed disk or collar i8 arrangedto travel in opposite directionslengthwise of the central Vcavity i9 ofthe sleeve 4l upon turning the screw shaft 43 in one direction oranother. l

"Arranged in said .hollow or cavity 18 voi the Varm 13 andfadjacent thesleeve 4l of fine adjusting mechanism isa lever 50 pivoted upon `anddepending from a stud `51 secured in the back wall of said cavity, in a.manner to support the lower end oi the lever 50v in engagement with-the d isk'fi yoi the screw shaft 43.] Laterally of ber' carries with itthe outer member 25,1together with the optical system, all loi 'theseparts .moving together asa` unit.

To provide the necessary operative connection between saidintermediatemember 22.located at the upper end of the arm, 13 and the nneadjustmentmechanism L1Q disposed at .the lower end of Asaid arm, suitable meansextending from one to the other are provided. 1

A'For example, in the embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figs. 1to 3, there is shown an inner member or tail piece 55. movable withinthe cavity 18 in the arm 13, andA which is rigidly lsecured at its upperend directly tothe inter.- mediate member 22 by screws or otherlfastening devices 56. The loweren'd of the inner member or tail piece isformed to rest upon the roller 52 -and hold the lever-50 inengagement*withfthe disk 48, so that upon manipulating the fine adjustment screw45' in a direction vto swing the roller 52 upwardly, the inner member55`will This is effected by cause the intermediate member 22 to moveupwardly in its guide 20. By turning the fine adjustment screw l5 in theopposite direction, the weight of the parts connected to the innermember or tail piece 55 will cause these parts to move downwardly andthe lower end of the member 55 to'remain incontact with the roller 52.In order to prevent the possibility of separation between the lower endof the inner member 55 and the roller 52 in such downward movements ofthe parts, a compression coil spring 58 may be arranged in a cavity 59in the upper end or" the arm 13 so as to exert a downward pressure uponthe inner'member 55.

In order to avoid any tendency of the slide porticn23 ofthe intermediatemember 22 from binding in its guide 20, which might arise from the factthat the fine adjustment is located at one side oi the guide 2O andreacts indirectly on the intermediate member and .attached parts, andthe resulting weight of the parts and those on the overhanging outermember 25 tending toV tilt such assembly, ysuitable anti-tilting orrantibinding means arev provided which, .in Fig-yj2, comprises acompression coil. spring or'other. resilient member 60 disposed in ahorizontal bore in the arm 12S/so that it bears against the lower rend,of the inner member oi" tail piece55 and exerts pressure thereonin adirection substantially perpendicular to the direction of the movenientof the intermediate member 22 in its guide 20.', Sulcient clearance isprovided between the spring Silenzi bore in which it is' confinedtoprevent the spring from engaging the walls offthe bore. withinthelimits oi movement of the member 55l as eifected through the action oithe fine adjustingmechanism L10. Other Ameans maybe provided for thispurpose. For example, in the embodiment of the invention lshown in Fig.yantiftilting means including an inner kmember or. tail piece rl ofmodified forni .is provided, This member 601 is likewiseV ar ranged inthe cavity7 1,3 of the arm 13 olf the instrument, but which member isnot rigidly secured to the intermediate member 22 as in the `case of theber 55. This inner member .del

is `formed tok be guided up and down-in suitable guides 6.1 in thearm-.13 and is provided atjits lupper .end with an upright transversebearing face 62, which operatively engages a horizontal transverseroller 63 Vmounted in theupper end ofthe armv 13. Below the roller63,'the yinner .member or tail piece 601 is formed with an extensionv,Se in which 'is pivoted .an upwardly exm tending'kniie edge bearing"65, the free end of which operatively .engagesl in an j VinvertedVfshaped notch 55 formed at the lower end of a rearwardly extending lug67 on the lint'errnedate member'22. in this way, movements ofthefineadjiuitment mechanism l0 .are transmitted throughthe inner member 691 tothe intermedi-- ate member 22. In order to retain the knife edgeVbearing -65 in contact with the lug 67 during downward adjustments, atension lspring 58 conn .necting the lug. 67 with the extension fill maybe provide l y' Y With the invention described, it is possible toprovide at a low cost, a microscope lin which the parts are arranged sothat the iine adjustment knob can .be vturned while the hand or `handsused foradjustrnent are supported',uponl the table or support on whichthe microscope-stands, and'this is done by means of comparatively fewchanges innmicroscopes as heretofore built." The intermediate member 22andouter member 25 and the rio iis e izo .ipso

parts carried thereby, as well as thecoarse adjustment mechanism, areallof a construction heretofore used, so that a substantial portion of theimproved microscope can be assembled from parts identical with similarparts heretofore used i on earlier models of microscopes.V

By constructing a microscope, such as that herein described, in whichthe fine adjustment is located low down near the base and accessibleheavy overhanging parts at the upper end of the instrument is overcomeby the provision of secondary guide or bearing means at the lower end ofthe arm 13 remote from and in spaced lateral relation to the upperforwardl guide 19, provides a novel and practical means for the purpose.

I claim as my invention:l Y

1. A microscope having an upright, hollow arm including an upper, offsetvpart which projects materially in a forward direction'beyond the lowerend of said arm, an intermediate member mounted forwardly of and uponsaid upper, oifset part and which is adjustable up and down relativelyto said armand an outer vmember which, in turn, is mounted forwardly ofand upon said intermediate member for supporting parts of an opticalsystem, means for shifting one of said members relatively to the otherto effect adjustments of said optical system, a tail piece disposed inthehollow of said armwith its upper end in said offset part thereof andoperatively connected to said intermediate member and having its lowerend extendingto a point near the lower end of said arm,`means forguiding said lower end of said tail piece in and relatively to said arm,and means engaging said lower end of said tail piece for shifting saidtail piece and said intermediate and outer members together for likedistances and lin the same relative direction for effecting otheradjustments of said optical system. y

2. A microscope having an upright, hollow arm including an upper offsetpart which projects materially in a forward direction beyond the lowerend of said arm, an intermediate member mounted forwardly of and uponsaid upper oifset part by an upright slide guide connection whereby saidmember may be adjusted up and down relatively to` said arm, an outermember which, in turn, is mounted forwardly of and upon saidintermediate member by anv upright slide guide connection for similarmovement relatively to said intermediate member and .saidrvarm and whichhas means for supporting parts of an optical system, a tail piecedisposed in the hollow of said arm with its upper end in the offset partthereof and operatively connected to said intermediate member and havingan elongated part extending thence downwardly to the lower. end of thefarm and which part is formed to have an upright sliding action on aguide in said hollow arm and relative to said arm, thereby providing aVsecond bearing for said intermediate member remote from and at one sideof the upper upright slide guide therefor to counteract binding on saidslide guide due to the weight of the overhanging parts lcarried by saidintermediate member, and means engaging said tail piece for shifting thesame, said intermediate and outer members together relatively to saidguidesv and relatively to said arm to effect other adjustmentsof saidoptical system.

, 3'. A microscope having an upright, hollow arm including an upperoffset part which projects materially in a`forward kdirection beyond thelower end of f said arm, an intermediate member` and an outer memberoperatively connected for up and do-wn relativel movement one of whichis slidablyvmounted upon the forward upper end of said arm lin a guidebearing for collective movej ment of said members relative to said armin an up and down direction, an optical system mounted onsaid outer armto take part in the4 aforementioned movements of said inner and outermembers, atail-piece `including a headl rigidly secured to saidintermediate member within the upper, offset part of the hollow of saidarm and having an extension projecting rearwardlyand downwardly to thelower end of said.

arm, an upright slide guide for said extension in the lower part of thehollow of said arm affording with Isaid rst guide bearing parallel and.spaced guide bearings acting vto counteract binding due to the weightof the parts carried on said intermediate member, and adjusting means onsaid arm engageable with said tail piece extension adjacent said lowerbearing to shift said interlower end of said arm, anintermediatemembermounted forwardly of and upon said upper, offset partand which is adjustable up and down relatively to said arm, an outermemberV which, in turn, is mounted forwardly of and upon saidintermediate member for supporting parts of an optical system, themounting for said intermediate member beingl in the form of an uprightguide bearing in said upper, offset end Aof said arm, means forshiftingsaid member in said guide bearing for adjusting saidintermediate and outer members and Asaid optical system, a tail piecedisposed in the hollow of said arm with its `upper end in the offsetpart thereof and adjacent the guide bearing yfor said intermediatemember and.

the lower end of said tail piece extending into the Ylower endof saidhollow arm, an upright guide on said optical system may be effected, andbinding 1 of said intermediate member in its guide bearing due to theweight of the parts carried thereby isH overcome.

" HARVEY N. OTT.

iso

